Population history is the study of how human populations have changed and evolved over time. It involves analyzing various demographic factors such as birth rates, death rates, migration patterns, and population size. Researchers in this field use historical records, genetic data, and statistical methods to reconstruct past population dynamics and understand how populations have been influenced by factors such as environmental changes, wars, and economic developments. Population history can also provide insights into the spread of diseases, the impact of colonization on indigenous populations, and the origins of modern human populations.